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Archive for the ‘word of mouth marketing’ Category

AMC » Mad Men Video Player

Thursday, April 16th, 2009

I am a modern day mad men. Here is a series of advice from this award winning series.

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Calling all Top MBA Candidates…

Tuesday, March 20th, 2007

In April, W+K launched a pioneering advertising school called “12.” Instead of a formal curriculum or full-fledged faculty, 12 offers 12 students 13 months of real work for very real clients…

Jelly Helm placed a classified ad: “Talented/Directionless, With $/Time to Spare?” — an open call to misfits, oddballs, and wayward youth”. It drew more than 3,000 people to a cryptic Web site. The “application” instructions? “Tell us your story. . . . Charm us. Surprise us. Seduce us.”

An interesting idea from a pioneering advertising firm that wanted to keep things fresh.

My thought, provoked by Seth Godin’s book, small is the new big:

“Accepted to top MBA. With $/Time to Spare?” — an open call to skip class, save $100K and do something cool – now. Tell us your story. . . . Charm us. Surprise us. Seduce us.”

We can award the CareerTours MBA and create a level like program to get the best of the best talent!

That’s FUN – interested in working for Career Tours, call me – 602.334.5287. Charm me. Suprise me. Maybe not seduce me. Although make it interesting and you are hired.

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Strategies for LinkedIn from Guy Kawasaki

Monday, January 8th, 2007

Most people use LinkedIn to “get to someone” in order to make a sale, form a partnership, or get a job. It works well for this because it is an online network of more than 8.5 million experienced professionals from around the world representing 130 industries. However, it is a tool that is under-utilized, so I’ve compiled a top-ten list of ways to increase the value of LinkedIn.

Increase your visibility.

By adding connections, you increase the likelihood that people will see your profile first when they’re searching for someone to hire or do business with. In addition to appearing at the top of search results (which is a major plus if you’re one of the 52,000 product managers on LinkedIn), people would much rather work with people who their friends know and trust.

Improve your connectability.

Most new users put only their current company in their profile. By doing so, they severely limit their ability to connect with people. You should fill out your profile like it’s an executive bio, so include past companies, education, affiliations, and activities.

You can also include a link to your profile as part of an email signature. The added benefit is that the link enables people to see all your credentials, which would be awkward if not downright strange, as an attachment.

Improve your Google PageRank.

LinkedIn allows you to make your profile information available for search engines to index. Since LinkedIn profiles receive a fairly high PageRank in Google, this is a good way to influence what people see when they search for you.

To do this, create a public profile and select “Full View.” Also, instead of using the default URL, customize your public profile’s URL to be your actual name. To strengthen the visibility of this page in search engines, use this link in various places on the web> For example, when you comment in a blog, include a link to your profile in your signature.

Enhance your search engine results.

In addition to your name, you can also promote your blog or website to search engines like Google and Yahoo! Your LinkedIn profile allows you to publicize websites. There are a few pre-selected categories like “My Website,” “My Company,” etc.

If you select “Other” you can modify the name of the link. If you’re linking to your personal blog, include your name or descriptive terms in the link, and voila! instant search-engine optimization for your site. To make this work, be sure your public profile setting is set to “Full View.”

Perform blind, “reverse,” and company reference checks.

LinkedIn’s reference check tool to input a company name and the years the person worked at the company to search for references. Your search will find the people who worked at the company during the same time period. Since references provided by a candidate will generally be glowing, this is a good way to get more balanced data.

Companies will typically check your references before hiring you, but have you ever thought of checking your prospective manager’s references? Most interviewees don’t have the audacity to ask a potential boss for references, but with LinkedIn you have a way to scope her out.

You can also check up on the company itself by finding the person who used to have the job that you’re interviewing for. Do this by searching for job title and company, but be sure to uncheck “Current titles only.” By contacting people who used to hold the position, you can get the inside scoop on the job, manager and growth potential.

By the way, if using LinkedIn in these ways becomes a common practice, we’re apt to see more truthful resumes. There’s nothing more amusing than to find out that the candidate who claims to have caused some huge success was a total bozo who was just along for the ride.

Increase the relevancy of your job search.

Use LinkedIn’s advanced search to find people with educational and work experience like yours to see where they work. For example, a programmer would use search keywords such as “Ruby on Rails,” “C++,” “Python,” “Java,” and “evangelist” to find out where other programmers with these skills work.

Make your interview go smoother.

You can use LinkedIn to find the people that you’re meeting. Knowing that you went to the same school, plays hockey, or shares acquaintances is a lot better than an awkward silence after, “I’m doing fine, thank you.”

Gauge the health of a company.

Perform an advanced search for company name and uncheck the “Current Companies Only” box. This will enable you to scrutinize the rate of turnover and whether key people are abandoning ship. Former employees usually give more candid opinions about a company’s prospects than someone who’s still on board.

Gauge the health of an industry.

If you’re thinking of investing or working in a sector, use LinkedIn to find people who worked for competitors—or even better, companies who failed. For example, suppose you wanted to build a next generation online pet store, you’d probably learn a lot from speaking with former Pets.com or WebVan employees.

Track startups.

You can see people in your network who are initiating new startups by doing an advanced search for a range of keywords such as “stealth” or “new startup.” Apply the “Sort By” filter to “Degrees away from you” in order to see the people closest to you first.

Ask for advice.

LinkedIn’s newest product, LinkedIn Answers, aims to enable this online. The product allows you to broadcast your business-related questions to both your network and the greater LinkedIn network. The premise is that you will get more high-value responses from the people in your network than more open forums.

For example, here are some questions an entrepreneur might ask when the associates of a venture capital firm come up blank:

Who’s a good, fast, and cheap patent lawyer?

What should we pay a vp of biz dev?

Is going to Demo worth it?

How much traffic does a TechCrunch plug generate?

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Addendum

These additional ideas came in through comments:

Integrate into a new job.

When people start a new job, ordinarily their roots aren’t that deep in the new company. However, with Linkedin, new employees can study fellow employees’ profiles and therefore help them get to know more people faster in a new company. (contributed by Vincent Wright)
Scope out the competition, customers, partners, etc. This seems like it’s a no-brainer, but you can use LinkedIn to scope out the competition’s team as well as the team of customers and partners. For example, your competitor’s vp of marketing came from Oracle…she’ll probably believe that business is war. (Kev)

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7 things I learned at wieden and kennedy

Sunday, November 12th, 2006

7 things I learned at wieden and kennedy (portland edition)
by Russell Davies

Fail

As I venture further out into the world, away from the 10-year comfort zone (discomfort zone?) of w+k and Nike I realise that so many of my assumptions about the way that brands and communications and people work were formed there. And that many of these assumptions are horrifying and original to many of the people I bump into. So I thought I’d list some here. These are not anything that anyone tried to persuade me of, they’re not ‘the wieden way’, they’re conclusions I’ve drawn, assumptions I’ve made. So don’t blame them if I’m an idiot. (If you want to explore some of what Dan actually thinks you could try this little speech w+k london found on a hard drive.)

1. Hire advertising people, you get advertising

As Dan will admit (claim?), when they started they found it very hard to hire conventional advertising talent. No-one would move to Portland. So they got people who’d failed elsewhere or kids straight out of school. These people didn’t know how to make advertising. Or not in the way it was supposed to be made. They worked out for themselves how to communicate, seduce, persuade, engage, how to make a stunning piece of film or a compelling couple of pages but if often didn’t look much like advertising. Even now, thousands of years later, when some of the habits have ossified and they really, clearly, do know how to make advertising there’s an inclination to push it further, to not make advertising. I think this a lesson for everyone who wants to be the w+k of the future; hire just advertising people, you’ll get just advertising.

2. The key to creative genius; work harder

I know it’s boring but this became so incredibly clear to me. The most exciting, inspirational, talented thinkers and doers just work harder than everyone else. Often they also work more effectively, so it doesn’t necessarily look like hard work, but basically they put in more hours, pay more attention and care more than the regular folk.

3. You can’t divorce the medium from the message

W+K never gave up on its own media people. Media thinkers and media doers were always integral. And often the smartest people in the place. This led to innovative and informed thinking about not just what we’d say and how we’d say it, but also where we’d say it. So w+k didn’t get stuck in that trap of shoveling creativity into a pre-bought schdule. We didn’t fill 30 second boxes with stuff. You’ve got to have media people in the building, it makes life better.

4. Do good work, the money will follow

When I moved from Portland to London I was one of only two people in the London office who’d also worked in Portland. And I think the rest of London management couldn’t quite believe Dan when he’d say this to them. They wanted to believe it, but they’d grown up in big London agencies where the bottom line is all. There’s not a lot to say about this, it’s just true.

5. Hold everyone to the same standard

I moved to Portland to work on Microsoft. It was clear in about 5 minutes that we were the pariah half of the agency. Everyone was either Nike or Microsoft. It was like high school. Jocks and geeks. They did fantastic work every 5 minutes, won all kinds of awards, got to meet celebrity athletes. We struggled to get any decent work through, won nothing, attended three day product briefings on Exchange Server.

And we all knew it would have been so easy to just roll over, give Microsoft exactly what they wanted (which was obvious and do-able) and rake in gobbets of cash. We could have funded a dozen pro-bono accounts which would have made us feel better and won us some awards and life would have been almost sweet. Except we weren’t allowed. Peer and management pressure made it clear that everyone was held to the same standard, however hard our client and our task we were expected to do extraordinary and thrilling work. This seemed divisive and wrong at the time but looking back I realise it was genius. Because if you have multiple standards you have multiple agencies. If you treat some clients as creative opportunities and some as cash cows that’s just what you’ll get. And sooner or later the cash cows will leave the field. Everyone’s seem what it’s like to be the Account Director on the regional retail account that’ll never do good work. It sucks. And it sucks even more when you have to sit and present your work to all the guys who work on the cool accounts. Kudos to Dan, he always expected us to make the work better. And, sometimes, before we got fired, we did some pretty decent work.

6. You can tell from the work if people enjoyed making it

This seems more true to me every time I walk in another agency. The places that are miserable make lack-lustre work (is it chicken or is it egg?). The places with energy make energetic, fulsome, toothsome work, bursting with ideas. If the process is depressing, the work will be flat, if the process has life, the work will connect.

7. Brands that influence culture sell more

This feeling was always in the air. People were trying to build popular culture not piggy-back on it, trying to create new culture, not just repeat old ones. About the worst thing you could say about an idea was that it had ‘borrowed interest’. And it was palpably clear that this instinct led to more effective, more profitable brands. So I remember writing ‘brands that influence culture sell more’ in a creds deck and getting the highly prized Wieden nod of approval. That was a good moment. (Or at least I think I remember writing that, it seems to have turned up in other places too, so maybe I heard it somewhere first, perhaps through some sort of strange wormhole into the future.)

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Five Factors of Word of Mouth Marketing

Sunday, November 12th, 2006

Five Factors of Word of Mouth Marketing

Let me explain why I’m about to spread word of mouth marketing for Tervis Tumblers.

I can think of five factors which lead to me spreading positive word of mouth for any product or service. Not all factors have to be present, but the more that are, the more likely I’ll spread buzz.

1) Utility – Do I use the product or service often, and do I like the way it works every time?

2) Value – Is the price I paid worth the utility of the product/service (frequency and impact in my life)?

3) Delight– Have I been wowed beyond expectations in the product or the company? Is the product/service differentiated?

4) Integrity –Does the company have people, actions or policy that reinforces integrity and commitment?

5) Relevance – Is the product / service ubiquitous enough to be useful to you?

Almost all factors are present for the Tervis Tumbler, which is one of the most durable insulated glasses available on the market. I’ve done my research, bought other products, and was just about to start my own company to solve this problem! Then, one day by the pool at a friends house, I drank from a Tervis. Hours later under the hot Texas sun, the ice had not melted.

Since then I’ve bought 10 Tumblers for my family at about $10 each.

Here’s how the factors above lead me to recommend Tervis.Tervistumbler

Utility:

I like cold drinks, hence I like to keep ice from melting, and yet I live in Texas. This necessitates an insulated cup.

Value:

Yes, they are expensive ‘plastic cups’ at $10-$15 each. And so is the $400 Oreck vacuum. However, when you have high frequency of use for something, the old adage of ‘you get what you pay for’ becomes more relevant. In contrast, I wouldn’t pay $5 for corn holders, or $20 for a nut cracker. Get the point?

Delight:

I’ve tried many plastic and acrylic tumblers. Tervis is the only one that has held up without cracks through hot drinks, cold drinks, several washings and drops. While this should be standard, it’s a delight factor given poor performance from other cups. Also, Tervis comes in 4 sizes (including the 24 oz which is what I need!), and you can get them clear, colored, or put a patch of your interest on the inside. No one else does that.

Integrity:

They back their tumblers with a lifetime guarantee. No receipt necessary…just send it in and they’ll send you a new one. Wow. Plus they have heritage — been around since 1946 from humble beginnings.

Relevance:

Who doesn’t drink something every day? Who doesn’t like their drinks to stay hot or cold? Who would not like a personalized cup reflecting their name or passion?

So, go to www.tervis.com and buy one.

I hope this leads Tervis to more volume, lower costs, and henceforth lower prices for customers like you and me. Not to mention the growth and survival of a good company.

As for a marketing lesson to learn…think about how your company and products score on the factors above. Positive word of mouth marketing can lead to results, as described above for Tervis, by delivering great utility, value, and delight with integrity.

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The Art of the Word of Mouth Conversation

Sunday, November 12th, 2006

The Art of the Word of Mouth Conversation

TheartofconversationWhy is it that some people are listened to while others are ignored? Why do some ideas people talk about “tip” while others die off? As part of our Influencers community project, we added a section called How To Spread Effective Word fo Mouth as an Influencer. We studied the best of from the fields of academic, psychology, word of mouth, marketing and anthropological life and pulled together our list of 30 tips. After all, about 4 out 5 word of mouth occasions are face to face conversations. Some of it is very Infleucners’ focused but thought it might be of some value to the blogosphere.

#1 – Leverage the Six Key Motivations Why Humans Talk – tap into basic human instincts that control most of us, we talk: 1) to survive, 2) to connect, 3) to make sense of the world, 4) to reduce risk, 5) to benefit economically and 6) to relieve tension. Try to make your word of mouth quench one of these motivations.

#2 – Be Natural – the best word of mouth is unplanned, unrehearsed, spontaneous and consistent with your personality; with the average Influencer having over 200 word of mouth conversations each week, there is plenty of opportunity to get the word out, don’t force it.

#3 – Find the Right People – the #1 reason somebody will participate in word of mouth is that they find the topic relevant to them; there’s very few other ways to jump the “junk filter” but to find the people who care about your buzz – the opinion leaders, trendsetters, experts, tastemakers and social ringleaders with an interest in your topic.

#4 – Have Fun – Influencers love to spread word of mouth, its fun talking about new, exciting stuff. It’s not a job. It’s not a chore. It’s a rewarding experience (we’re biased but we also think it’s a pretty cool social phenomenon).

#5 – Launch a Meme – a meme is an idea designed to spread; create a “bandwagon effect” for your word of mouth by attaching your own meme to it through catchphrases, lingo, metaphors, jingles…etc. so that not only does it convince others but encourages them to pass your message onto others.

#6 – Use the Learning Principle – pass out Influencers’ Referral Cards to word of mouth campaign participants when the situation presents itself. Pictures and words ensure better recall and involvement of the word of mouth referral (they can also tap benefits online as an Influencer Referral too!).

#7 – Give Practical Tips and Suggestions – effective word of mouth is more about how something fits into a receiver’s life; provide people an idea of what to expect in the real world under typical situations before they incorporate your word of mouth into their life.

#8 – Provide a Balanced View – people don’t believe false “shills” or “cheerleaders” but find honesty remarkably disarming; let people know the upside and the potential downside of whatever word of mouth you’re advocating.

#9 – Feed the Personality – we’re all wired differently: trendsetters want to be first in line, experts want to know the facts, opinion leaders want to know the possibilities, tastemakers want to see the big idea, social ringleaders want to know how to share it with others, mainstreamers and laggards want to reduce risk and feel safe. Modulate your word of mouth for your audience.

#10 – Love being the Expert – word of mouth is truly for lovers, great word of mouth evangelists embrace their role as expert, social glue or trendstarter and are motivated to share their experiences, very approachable about what they know and feel unthreatened by not knowing everything.

#11 – Create the Best Soundbytes – most human’s capacity to only recall 7 things at one time, above that number and we either have to commit it to memory or more likely toss it out for other stuff to wade in. Take the most relevant points from your own experience and our Word of Mouth Handbook and make your key word of mouth points in 5 bytes or less.

#12 – Approach People You Know – in order of frequency, people word of mouth with their family, friends, work colleagues, neighbours and online members, there’s a reason – people trust and like the familiar, strangers resist. Your first word of mouth port of call should be people you know.

#13 – Be Conversational – people enjoy and pay more attention to your words when they realize they’re in a “tennis match of conversation” and have to keep up their end.

#14 – Provide The WOW – the 2nd, 3rd and 6th most important reasons why people engage in word of mouth about products is to hear about stuff that is innovative, exciting and new. Average stuff is boring, answer the question – what’s so different about your discovery.

#15 – Share an Indirect Experience – people have an alarming shortage of three things – time, attention and trust. If you can provide a credible word of mouth referral, it can act as a valuable guide and time saver without requiring the person to experience “the thing” themselves.

#16 – Be Inspired – genuine authenticity and passion greases the conveyor belt of word of mouth; true word of mouth advocacy can’t be faked (nor should it be), but honest enthusiasm is magnetic and powerful and infects others with a feeling of excitement and energy, use is to make your word of mouth sing.

#17 – Get Your Facts Straight – one bad fact or overstated truth to word of mouth is like one bad coffee bean to espresso – it ruins the whole batch. Word of mouth is built on the stilts of trust, when that leaves so does its effectiveness.

#18 – Make the First 30 Seconds Count – most people make impressions lightning fast – provide the “why I should I care benefit” in the first ½ minute of your conversation to avoid the “why didn’t you tell me earlier, I would have paid more attention” response.

#19 – Answer Key Prospect Filters – effective word of mouth gets to the heart of 4 questions – what is it?, why is it so special/different?, how can I use it/see it/purchase it? And will it improve my life?

#20 – Deliver Social Currency – people love hearing about things well before the Smiths and Jones, provide them a glimpse through your insider’s lense and you’ll build up value in your “social” bank account.

#21 – Get People to Make Small Commitments – people who take even a small position will have a natural tendency to become stubbornly consistent with that “stake in the sand”. Word of mouth acts as a trigger to make that first step.

#22 – Altruism Trumps Ego – word of mouth spreads further when you’re genuinely trying to help others vs. trying to enhance yourself. Its human nature to reciprocate with someone we believe is out to help us.

#23 – Buzz Buttons – so much of what we listen to is in one ear and out the next – the word of mouth radar perks up when something is attached to: the taboo, the outrageous, the hilarious, the remarkable, the secretive and the unusual.

#24 – Be Animated – psychology research proves that people that have a bigger range of voice, facial expression and body language have greater conversational impact.

#25 – Capture the Imagination – find areas of common interest that make people consider through open questions: “where could you go …?”, “what do you think about…?”, “when was the last time you…?”- avoid closed questions that shut conversations down like “are you”, ”have you”, “did you”.

#26 – Listen to Feedback and Answer all Questions – word of mouth is a two-way avenue, it’s effective because it answers other people’s questions and lets them customize what they’ve learned to their own lives; when done well, word of mouth is a collaborative effort.

#27 – Synchronize Body Language and Voice – people that have the same rapport wit

h other people are predisposed to listen – get on the same conversational wavelength and watch the antenna go up.

#28 – Disclose You’re an Influencer – people always ask “doesn’t it ruin the effectiveness of word of mouth when it’s sponsored by companies?” In fact, the reverse is true. By disclosing that you’re part of a group of Influencers who are sponsored to learn about new and interesting products, it actually improves the effectiveness and curiosity of the word of mouth on its recipients. People reward honesty and intrigue, so go ahead disclose.

#29 Become a Merchant of Influence – by providing frequent (at least every 2 weeks) and insightful feedback about your word of mouth experiences to the Influencers (www.theInfluencers.ca), you become part of a small and powerful panel of superinfluencers that shapes the responsiveness of companies to real consumer needs and wants.

#30 Keep in Contact with The Influencers – check back to The Influencers regularly for new word of mouth programs, polls and announcements. We live and die as a group based on your participation and hope you will find our revolving set of word of mouth activities and content fresh and exciting.

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The Rise of PR and Fall of Advertising

Monday, September 11th, 2006

The Rise of PR and Fall of Advertising

Part 1: The Fall of Advertising.
Advertising has always suffered from a lack of credibility. An advertisement is the opinion of a company whose motives and judgment are not the same as those of a consumer.

Advertising tries to make up for its limitations by massive media expenditures. The emphasis has been on impact rather than on communications. Over the past few decades, three developments have seriously undermined the effectiveness of advertising in general.

One is the increasing costs for any individual advertisement. The second is the increasing volume of advertising. And the third is the expansion of advertising media to include almost every available opportunity to influence a consumer. (From ball games to bathrooms to blimps.)

This triple combination has seriously eroded the effectiveness of all advertising programs, including those of the largest spenders.

For four years in a row, from 1997 to the year 2000, General Motors was the largest advertiser in America, spending $13.2 billion on advertising. In those four years, General Motors’ share of the U.S. automobile market dropped from 32.1 percent to 28.1 percent.

Other big advertisers, including McDonald’s, AT&T, Nike and Coca-Cola have had similar records. Big budget don’t necessarily produce big sales or profit increases.

In response to its critics, the advertising industry has tried to divorce itself from a focus on effectiveness to a focus on “creativity” and “awards.” The role of advertising, according to many of its defenders, is not to sell anything, but to capture the prospect’s attention.

No advertising has gotten as much attention as the Budweiser campaign, “Whassup?” The Whassup? campaign has won more awards than any other advertising program in advertising history, including the Grand Prix for TV and Cinema at Cannes.

Advertising Age reported the euphoria that erupted when the Cannes award was announced: “The half-dozen spots from DDB Worldwide, Chicago, for Anheuser-Busch’s Budweiser beer were so widely popular with festival goers that during screening audience members were still shouting the infectious catchphrase two categories after alcoholic drinks ended.”

“It was fresh and amusing, and everyone fell in love with it,” said one TV judge. “It took about 5 minutes to decide and was almost 100%.”

The following year, Budweiser won a Bronze Lion at Cannes for “What are you doing?” a yuppie spoof of the Whassup? campaign. And August Busch IV, Anheuser-Busch’s vice president for marketing was named Advertiser of the Year for Budweiser campaigns’ “outstanding and consistent quality …over the past few years.”

Wait a minute, did “Whassup?” or “What you are doing?” sell any Budweiser beer? As a matter of fact, U.S. sales of Budweiser beer (in barrels) have fallen every year for the last decade, from 50 million barrels in 1990 to less than 35 million barrels in the year 2000. Whassup, Budweiser?

Part 2: The Rise of PR.
Advertising builds brands is the claim of the advertising industry. The American Advertising Federation, for example, is running an ad campaign with the theme, “Advertising. The way great brands get to be great brands.”

Yet virtually all of the new brands recently created have been PR successes, not advertising successes. To name a few: The Body Shop, Starbucks, Red Bull, Amazon.com, Yahoo!, eBay, Palm, PlayStation and BlackBerry.

Anita Roddick built The Body Shop into a major worldwide brand without any advertising. Instead she traveled the world on a relentless quest for publicity.

Until recently Starbucks didn’t spend a hill of beans on advertising either. In ten years, the company spent less that $10 million on advertising, a trivial amount for a brand that delivers annual sales of $1.3 billion today. Starbucks, on the other hand, received an enormous amount of favorable publicity.

Wal-Mart became the world’s largest retailer, ringing up sales approaching $100 billion, with very little advertising. A Wal-Mart sibling, Sam’s Club, averages $45 million per store with almost no advertising.
In the pharmaceutical field, Viagra, Prozac and Valium became worldwide brands with almost no advertising.

In the toy field, Beanie Babies, Tickle Me Elmo, and Pokémon became highly successful brands with almost no advertising.

In the high-technology field, Oracle, Cisco and SAP became multi-billion dollar companies (and multi-billion dollar brands) with almost no advertising.

We’re beginning to see research that supports the superiority of PR over advertising to launch a brand. A new study of 91 new product launches shows highly successful products are more likely to use PR-related activities than less successful ones.

Commissioned by Schneider & Associates in collaboration with Boston University’s Communications Research Center and Susan Fournier, an associate professor of marketing at Harvard Business School, the study is believed to be the first of its kind. We learned that the role of PR, while underutilized, was extremely significant when leveraged,” said the study.

Part 3: The rebirth of advertising.
Over time, a new brand reaches a point where it runs out of publicity potential. The question arises, how to maintain a brand once a brand has been built by PR techniques.

Here is a role that advertising can play. Maintaining a brand, rather than creating it. But “brand maintenance” advertising has be completely different from the “creative” approach advertising normally takes.

Because of its credibility problem, advertising cannot be “creative,” using the dictionary definition of the word, meaning “original” or even “new and different.”

Advertising needs to work with what already exists inside the prospect’s mind. Advertising needs to reinforce existing perceptions rather than creating new ones. Advertising needs to be “old and the same.”

When the Goodyear blimp says “#1 in tires,” the consumer thinks, Yes, Goodyear is No. 1 in tires so they must make better tires. (When Firestone says, “Making it better,” the consumer thinks, No, Firestone doesn’t make better tires because I’ve read in the paper about all their tire problems.)

Advertising in its finest form is cheerleading. Advertising touches ideas and concepts already existing in the mind, brings them to the surface and strengthens them. Originality is the antithesis of what good advertising is all about.

The creative cheerleader who brings an original cheer to the big game is going to be disappointed in the crowd’s reaction.

“What the hell was that all about,” is the typical reaction to most television commercials. The creativity gets in the way of the true function of advertising which is not to communicate or inform customers and prospects.

The true function of advertising is to reinforce an existing message. If you want to send a new message, use PR.

Part 4: Advertising is the wind. PR is the sun.
In one of Aesop’s fables, the wind and the sun had a dispute over who was the stronger of the two.

They decided to settle the issue by trying to make a traveler take off his coat. The wind went first but the harder the wind blew the more closely the traveler wrapped his coat around him.

Then the sun came out and began to shine. Soon the traveler felt the sun’s warmth and took off his coat. The sun had won.

You can’t force your way into the prospect’s mind. Advertising is perceived as an imposition, an unwelcome intruder who needs to be resisted. The harder the sell, the harder the wind blows, the more the prospect resists the sales message.

Advertising people talk about impact. Spreads, inserts, foldouts and full color v

s. black and white in print ads. Frenetic action, crazy angles and jump cuts in television commercials. Turning up the volume in radio spots. But these are exactly the attributes that say to a prospect, don’t pay any attention to me, I’m an advertisement.

The harder an advertisement tries to force its way into the mind, the less likely it will accomplish its objective. Once in awhile a prospect drops his or her guard and the wind will win. But not very often.

PR is the sun. You can’t force the media to run your message. It’s entirely in their hands. All you can do is smile and make sure your PR material is as helpful as possible.

Nor does the prospect perceive any force in an editorial message. It’s the opposite. The prospect thinks the media is trying to be helpful by alerting me to a wonderful new product or service.

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